PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
Discuss the role the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) plays in conveying public health information and recommendations. Describe the type of data and information provided by the MMWR. Choose a report posted within the last 2 years from the “Publications – Weekly Report” tab. Provide a brief summary of the disease report, including the natural history and mode of transmission, and whether the report is an example of descriptive epidemiology or analytical epidemiology.
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Topic One, discussion question 2:
This assignment was to review the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). The MMWR is created and distributed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It is said to be the “voice of the CDC,” and the main chancel for scientific publication that is accurate, objective, and reliable for public health information and the recommendations of the CDC (CDC, 2018). PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
The MMR has different types of data and information published such as (CDC, 2018):
- Recommendations and Reports
- Which are articles that supply policy statements for prevention and treatment
- Surveillance Summaries
- Analyzes data from to find trends and or patterns
- Supplements
- As indicated this data is historical events or information, proceedings from conferences, etc. that can was formed from the MMWR Recommendations and Reports or Surveillance Summary.
The second part of this assignment was to pick a publication from the weekly report to review. I have selected the January 3, 2020 article, Characteristics of patients experiencing rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge in a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use – associated lung injury – United States, 2019.
The center of diseases controls and prevention as well as the food and drug administration, public health departments at the state and local levels have been investigating the growth and negative effects of e-cigarettes and vaping as it is associated with lung injuries (Mikosz, et al. 2019). PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
One of the main areas with this article is the understanding that at least 25 percent of those re-hospitalized and deaths occur within two days after discharge. Due to this there needs to be a review of the current discharge process and review ways to improve the process, such as a follow-up within 48 hours after hospital discharge, especially those with a chronic condition e.g., diabetes, leads to higher morbidity and mortality (Mikosz, et al. 2019).
The CDC has confirmed as of December 10, 2019 that 52 individuals have died from lung injuries associated with these products (Mikosz, et al. 2019). The CDC has developed a special task force to look at data collected from state health departments as well as hospitalization reports to find areas of opportunity to understand more about the products (Mikosz, et al. 2019). PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
This report is an example of Descriptive epidemiology as it provides a way of organizing and analyzing data on e-cigarettes and vaping in order to understand the lung injuries occurring and how it impacts different individuals based on their unique characteristics (Descriptive Epidemiology n.d.).
References:
Boston University School of Public Health (n.d.) Descriptive epidemiology. Retrieved from http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPHModules/EP/EP713_DescriptiveEpi/EP713_DescriptiveEpi_print.html.
Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2018). Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/author_guide_rrss.html
Mikosz, C., Danielson, M., Anderson, K., et al. (2019). Characteristics of patients experiencing rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge in a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury — United States, 2019. MMWR and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (68)1183-1188. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm685152e1external icon
Re: Topic 1 DQ 2
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) is a weekly published report by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It is the main vehicle for publishing public health information and recommendations that have been received by the CDC from state health departments. It contains in-depth articles that relay policy statements for prevention and treatment on all areas in CDC’s scope of responsibility. MMWR delivers useful information to readers in the public health community, private clinicians, researchers, educators, students, and news media. Reports are based on science (especially epidemiology) or on public health policy or practice. Recommendations contained within reports must be acceptable to the CDC (CDC, 2019) PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
On December 20th, 2019, the CDC published an article on Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana and Illicit Drugs Among Persons Aged ≥16 Years. In the United States, driving while impaired is illegal. Nonetheless, an estimated 10,511 alcohol-impaired driving deaths occurred in 2018. The contribution of marijuana and other illicit drugs to these and other impaired driving deaths remains unknown. Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) indicated that in the United States during 2014, 12.4% of all persons aged 16–25 years reported driving under the influence of alcohol, and 3.2% reported driving under the influence of marijuana. The impairing effects of alcohol are well established, but less is known about the effects of illicit substances or other psychoactive drugs (e.g., marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamines, and opioids, including heroin). This report provides the most recent national estimates of self-reported driving under the influence of marijuana and illicit drugs among persons aged ≥16 years, using 2018 public-use data from NSDUH (Azofeifa et al., 2019).
Since descriptive epidemiology is described as the identification of disease patterns among cases and in populations by time, place and person (CDC, 2012), the above MMWR article would be an example of descriptive epidemiology. PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2
References:
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Weekly. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/author_guide.html
Azofeifa, A., Rexach-Guzman, B., Hagemeyer, A., Rudd, R., and Sauber-Schatz, E. (2019). Driving Under the Influence of Marijuana and Illicit Drugs Among Persons Aged ≥16 Years — the United States, 2018. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6850a1.htm?s_cid=mm6850a1_w#
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Introduction to Epidemiology. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson1/section7.html PUB 540 Principles of epidemiology Topic 1 DQ 2