PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay
This needs to be like a parent guide brochure covering the following areas
Signs and symptoms
Pathophysiology
How the disorder is diagnosed
Treatment options Thanks
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Pica is an eating disorder characterized by eating non-food products that do not contain significant nutritional value. E.g. paint chips, dirt, soap, paper, ash, charcoal, chalk, soil, ice, starch, clay, wool, cloth, string and hair (Hartmann & Jurilj, 2017).
Signs and Symptoms
- Stomach pain
- Stomach upset
- Blood in stool
- Bowel problems. E.g. diarrhea or constipation
- Developmentally inappropriate ingestion of substances
- Eating substances that are not socially normative practice or culturally supported for at least once a month
- PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay
Diagnosis
- Clinical history
- No laboratory tests
- Anemia tests
Pica is related to: (Delaney et al., 2015)
- Obsessive compulsive disorder
- Micronutrient deficiency
- Neurological conditions
- Gastrointestinal distress
Pathophysiology
- Brain damage due to poisoning. E.g. from consuming lead vanishes and paints
- Neurological problems
- Death
- Gastrointestinal tract damage causing constipation, abdominal distention, nausea, ulceration
- Deficiency of minerals and nutrients: E.g. Vitamin C and D, Zinc, Iron, Phosphorous, Calcium, Thiamin, niacin
- Dental abnormalities e.g. tooth surface loss, abrasion, abfraction and mouth cancer. (Nayak et al., 2017)
- Infection and parasitic infestation
- Toxocariasis and Ascariasis can occur from consumption of soil
- PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay
Treatment
- Correction of mineral deficiencies
- Behavioral interventions
- Redirection of attention away from desired substances
- Rewards for discarding non-food items
- Physical restraint (Kennedy, Wick & Keel, 2018).
References
Delaney, C. B., Eddy, K. T., Hartmann, A. S., Becker, A. E., Murray, H. B., & Thomas, J. J. (2015). Pica and rumination behavior among individuals seeking treatment for eating disorders or obesity. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48(2), 238-248.
Hartmann, A. S., & Jurilj, V. (2017). Pica. In Handbook of DSM-5 Disorders in Children and Adolescents (pp. 319-332). Springer, Cham.
Kennedy, G. A., Wick, M. R., & Keel, P. K. (2018). Eating disorders in children: is avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder a feeding disorder or an eating disorder and what are the implications for treatment?. F1000Research, 7.
Nayak, S. V., Kini, R., Shetty, U., Rao, P. K., Kashyap, R. R., & Bhandarkar, G. (2017). Pica-an eating disorder: A report and review. Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences, 5(1), 82. PICA Eating Disorder parent guide brochure Essay