Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay
Concept Analysis Paper
This assignment is designed for the student to examine the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of a concept. The student will identify a strong definition of this concept. If there is none, the student will develop one. The student will explore a concept, and then analyze that descriptive word and its use in literature. Steps from Wilson’s Concept and Analysis will be used (Walker & Avant, 2011).
The body of the paper should not exceed 10 pages.
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Follow these steps while completing the project:
1. Introduction
2. Select a concept relevant to nursing.
3. Determine the purposes of analysis.
4. Identify the uses of the concept (Literature Review).
5. Determine the concept’s defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences.
6. Construct a model case.
7. Conclusion
Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay
Grit in Nursing: Concept Analysis
Grit is a relatively new concept. Some researchers see it as similar to other constructs, but it is unique. This paper explores the concept of grit in nursing. The concept analysis utilizes steps from Wilson’s Concept Analysis. Purposes of the analysis are identified for nursing practice, education, and research. Its uses, and definitions are outlined based on the available literature. Based on the literature review, there are five defining attributes of grit in nursing: resilience, perseverance, passion, conscientiousness, and compassion. Antecedents of nursing grit include discovery of interest, setting the goal, and presence of adversity. Consequences of nursing grit are excellence in practice, personal growth, and happiness. A model case is presented for a better illustration of grit in nursing.
Purposes of the Grit Analysis
The purpose of this concept analysis is to explore the meaning of grit in the context of nursing. The enhanced understanding will then contribute to its use in nursing education, practice, and research. Improved awareness of the concept will enable nurses to exercise and grow their grit to provide excellent care to their patients. It will help nursing educators to incorporate methods to foster grit in nursing students. Researchers report that grit can be taught, but there is lack of evidence about what interventions may be helpful. It addition, it may prompt researchers to develop evidence-based recommendations about fostering grit. Nursing administrators may seek grittier nurses to achieve better patients’ outcomes.
The Uses of Grit
A thorough data research using keywords grit, grit in nursing was performed. Major databases CINAHL, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were utilized. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary (2018), grit is a “sand, gravel”, “a hard sharp granule (as of sand), “any of several sandstones”, “the structure of a stone that adapts it to grinding”, “firmness of mind or spirit: unyielding courage in the face of hardship or danger”.
Psychologist Duckworth has been studying grit. According to her definition, grit is a “perseverance and passion for long-term goals” (Duckworth et al., 2007, para. 1). Sustained interest gives motivation for achieving long-term goals. People with grit are consistent with their goals, they do not give up and trade them in the face of difficulties and failure. Grit, not talent or intellect, is a predictor of high achievements in different fields like education, military, sports or any professional development. Grit predicts personal success. Conscientiousness implies self-control in a given moment, grit represents pursuing long-term goals, persistency and consistency of grit differ it from other similar constructs. To achieve their long-term goals, gritty people choose more effective methods to practice over more enjoyable but less effective activities (Duckworth et al., 2007).
Maddi, Matthews, Kelly, Villarreal, and White (2012) characterize grit as “a sustained pursuit of a given interest or goal” (p.23). They measured grit by the grit scale developed by Duckworth and Quinn, which includes assessment of two main factors of grit: consistency of interests and perseverance of effort. Among other variables that were measured, grit had a more predictive value than other variables on retention in difficult circumstances (Maddi et al., 2012).
Cosgrove, Chen, and Castelli (2018) use the Duckworth definition of grit as well. Grit is viewed as a measure of behavior and goal achievement that leads to outstanding behavioral outcomes. Grit is a stable, but modifiable persistence toward long-term goals. Higher grit predicted better academic scores, but it did not predict higher fitness testing (Cosgrove et al., 2018).
Stoffel and Cane (2018) also define grit as sustained commitment toward achieving long-term objectives despite obstacles, failures and setbacks. Grit Scales by Duckworth are used to compare academic performance of students, the total grit score was a predictor for a higher grade point average (Stoffel & Cane, 2018). Robinson uses the Grit Scale to evaluate the relationship between grit and nursing student academic engagement and found association of higher grit and stronger course engagement (as cited in Stoffel & Cane, 2018). Measuring grit is very challenging because it is based on self-reporting and has social desirability bias (Stoffel & Cane, 2018).
Hellman and Gwinn (2017) also characterize grit as perseverance and passion for long-term goals, which can be significantly increased along with other character strengths (zest, self-control, optimism, gratitude, social intelligence, and curiosity) after brief hope intervention. Bolton, Praetorius, and Smith-Osborne (2016) associate grit with nine themes: frailty (ability to adapt to physical impairments positively), determination (the will to survive and refusal to be defeated, refusal to be helpless), perseverance, self-reliance, head-on approach to challenges, moving forward with life, will to live, strengths that buffer the impact of well-being, and anticipating one’s future losses. Crede, Tynan, and Harms (2017) have conducted a meta-analysis of grit research and have found that grit is strongly related to conscientiousness. Perseverance has a stronger effect on performance than consistency of interests (Crede et al., 2017).
Vainio and Daukantait (2016) state that grit positively relates to well-being factors: psychological well-being, satisfaction with life and harmony in life since people are naturally motivated to realize their highest potential. Substance of grit is not a strict determination to pursue goals no matter the costs, but to pursue the goals that are consistent with one’s inner values relying on consistency of self (Vainio & Daukantait, 2016).
Jin and Kim (2017) have also explored how grit relates to the subjective side of life, such as well-being. They state that “grit means dedication to long-term goals with enthusiasm, which is closely related to success in objective terms” (para. 1). Grit increases satisfying the autonomy and competence needs, autonomy then reduces depression, and competence increases life satisfaction, and both in turn lead to better well-being (Jin & Kim, 2017).
Payne (2017) suggests that grit in nursing is about looking forward, setting and achieving goals, seeking excellence rather than perfection. Nurses express passion and love for their work as they find joy in helping patients to recover or being there for them at their death or bringing a new life into the world, being able to support patients and families in crisis. When nurses go back to school, there is excitement about learning new things, becoming technically proficient, reinforcing, and expanding skills. Gritty nurses have goals, courage (managing fear of failure), they take risks every day, conscientious (meticulous attention to detail, counting on each other) while moving from novice to expert. Nurses with grit are resilient in bouncing back from failures or problems. Nursing ethics are about purpose as well as supporting good decisions, which also promote resilience. Grit is a mindset or an attitude about striving for something good and virtuous like nursing (Payne, 2017).
McCabe (2016) emphasizes that grit has a great benefit to nursing practice. Nurses with grit practice with excellence, determination, and compassion. She suggests that grit in nurses develops with more clinical experience and role modeling and that grit can be nurtured through communication with experienced nurses and reflecting on own experiences. She believes that characteristics of grit (conscientiousness, establishment of long-term goals, resiliency, and excellence) can be developed in nursing students and new nurses (McCabe, 2016).
Attributes, Antecedents, and Consequences
Attributes
Walker and Avant (2011) define attributes as the most frequent characteristics associated with the concept. The attributes of grit in nursing are: resilience, perseverance, passion, conscientiousness, and compassion.
Resilience is one’s ability to go on after negative experiences and adversity (Stoffel & Cane, 2018). Traditional resilience is applied to severe psychological trauma and adversary experience, but current society has used the term resilience in broader and less extreme context, such as daily setbacks, negative experiences (Stoffel & Cane, 2018). Protective factors are influences that change responses to negative experiences from maladaptive to adaptive outcomes (Stoffel & Cane, 2018). Protective factors may include coping mechanisms, social and family support, role modeling and mentorship, and intellectual stimulation (Stoffel & Cane, 2018) Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay. Resilient nurses have an ability to withstand, adapt, and learn something positive from barriers and adversity (Meyer & Shatto, 2018). Maturity and drive are factors for greater resilience (Meyer & Shatto, 2018).
Perseverance is working hard, finishing what was started, or mastering skill despite adversity or discouragement (Duckworth et al., 2007). Being passionate towards long-term goals is when one is focused on projects that take years to finish without losing interest or being distracted (Duckworth et al., 2007). Conscientiousness is a personality trait of being “self-controlled, responsible to others, hardworking, orderly, and rule abiding” (Roberts, Lejuez, Krueger, Richards, & Hill, 2014, para. 2).
Compassion is an attribute mentioned only in studies of nursing grit. Nursing is a righteous endeavor, a profession of compassion. Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay Nurses with grit strive to provide excellent care. Excellent nursing care is possible only with compassion. There is no true nursing without compassion.
Antecedents
Antecedents are the events that must take place before the concept can occur and they cannot also be the defining attribute for the concept (Walker & Avant, 2011). The first antecedent of grit is discovery and development of consistent interests. Then, based on the consistent interests, the second antecedent is understanding and setting the long-term vision or goal. For development of grit, there must be some adverse circumstances or barriers present. It is impossible to reach long-term goals that take years to accomplish without some barriers, boredom, or negative circumstances.Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay So, the third antecedent is setbacks, boredom, or barriers in achieving the goal.
Consequences
Consequences are the events that happen as a result of the concept occurrence and also cannot be defining attributes (Walker & Avant, 2011). The outcomes of grit in nursing are excellence, personal growth, and happiness. Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay.
Nurses with high grit have a better potential to reach excellence. Excellence in nursing practice is related to practical wisdom based on scientific knowledge (Flaming, 2002). The grittier the nurse, the more motivated she/he is to be an excellent nurse, the more years of hard work is invested into it, the more potential she/he would have to do it.
Personal growth is a reflection of a person’s development. Gritty nurses have positive attitudes, higher expectations about themselves, their lives and the nursing profession. These nurses view adversities and difficulties differently from those with low grit, which improves their subjective well-being. They lead a more meaningful and engaged life that makes them happier people than those with lower grit. Grit improves life satisfaction (Vainio & Daukantait, 2016)
Model Case
A model case demonstrates how the concept is used with all the defining attributes at display (Walker & Avant, 2011). Ann’s mom was diagnosed with breast cancer when Ann was 12 years old. What followed were two years of fighting, hope and desperation. By the age of 14 Ann was left without her mother Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay. Somewhere along those two years Ann had decided that she wanted to be a nurse, not just a nurse, but a nurse who makes a real difference in the lives of people and families, who eases their pain, supports them in their decisions, and understands what they are going through. After finishing high school Ann went to a community college for an associate degree in nursing while working full time to help her father financially with bringing up her two little sisters and her education. Nursing school was tough with full time work, evening classes and clinicals. But it did not discourage her, she worked through it, meticulously finishing all her homework and assignments, and looking forward to an ultimate goal to become an excellent nurse. After graduation, she started working in a hospital on a medical-surgical unit. It was an urban hospital, nursing staffing ratios were unfair, patient acuity was high, and supplies were scarce. Ann was the only new graduate who did not quit during the first year of employment on that unit. She found support and guidance in one of the experienced nurses who was like a mentor to Ann. After a year she got involved in the hospital governance, she joined a quality improvement committee and advocated for safe staffing and better working conditions to be able to provide quality patient care. After several years of working as a nurse, she decided to go back to school and earn her baccalaureate degree in nursing and get her certification in oncology nursing. Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay. Over the years, her knowledge and expertise grew along with her curiosity to know more. Ann is still a compassionate nurse, she loves what she does, she cares about her patients and families, and she has expertise from the years of nursing practice. In retrospective, Ann realizes that she has been “fortunate” to discover her passion to nursing early on in life, it is her calling. Her work has a purpose beyond herself.
Conclusion
Grit is relatively new and confusing concept. This paper about grit in nursing has a purpose to improve understanding of the concept. Enhanced understanding may lead to wider awareness and use of grit in nursing practice, education, and research. Literature review showed that the concept is well defined in psychology, but not in nursing. Further research related to grit in nursing and how to foster grit in nurses would be beneficial since consequences of grit include excellence in practice, personal growth and happiness. There are five attributes of grit in nursing: resilience, perseverance, passion, conscientiousness, and compassion. Compassion is a unique attribute of nursing grit. Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay In order for grit in nursing to happen, the following antecedents are needed: discovery of the field of interest for future passion, understanding and setting the long-term goal, and finally, some setbacks or barriers in the path to the goal. Nursing grit is characterized by sustained interest and passion for nursing and working with perseverance towards excellent and compassionate care throughout the years, which is reflected in the constructed model case.
References
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Cosgrove, J. M., Chen, Y. T., & Castelli, D. M. (2018). Physical fitness, grit, school attendance, and academic performance among adolescents. Biomed Research International, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2018/9801258 Nursing Concept Analysis Paper – Grit in Nursing Sample Essay
Credé, M., Tynan, M. C., & Harms, P. D. (2017). Much ado about grit: A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(3), 492-511. doi: http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.wilkes.edu/10.1037/pspp0000102
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